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After the publishing, 1978, of Karl Jaspers’ Notes on Martin Heidegger, the Exchange of Letters from 1926-1969 by Hannah Arendt and Karl Jaspers came out in 1985. Hannah Arendt had been a philosophical student of Jaspers and Heidegger. The letters discuss many subjects, like for instance Jewry, Judaism and Israel; the culture and history of Germany; humanity; reason, freedom and university. This article deals with: Judaism and Israel, philosophy and Martin Heidegger. It proves to be noteworthy that Jaspers emphasizes the spiritual, prophetic and religious aspects as essential for Judaism and as in a certain tension or even contradiction with the ‘assimilation’ of the state of Israel.