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- Volume 130, Issue 4, 2017
Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis - Volume 130, Issue 4, 2017
Volume 130, Issue 4, 2017
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Bedrieglijke eenvoud
Authors: Kristiaan Dillen & Bram VannieuwenhuyzeAbstractDeceptive simplicity. Flandria Borealis: between map and history, between image and representation
At the end of the sixteenth century the development of printing technology sparked a knowledge revolution featuring an unprecedented distribution and integration of texts, images, and maps. Thorough research into these texts and maps, generally disregarded as inferior, can reveal surprising and relevant historical knowledge. Using Flandria Borealis, an engraved ‘history map’ depicting the Northern part of Flanders with the sieges of Sluis and Ostend in 1604, this article dismisses the apparent naivety of this kind of document and shows the complex relations between their topographical, narrative, scientific, entertaining, educational, mobilizing, and aesthetical perspectives and messages. It advocates use of a proper tool box and an iterative process of deconstruction which can help overcome the historian’s apprehension when analysing old maps and images and can stimulate further research into these still undervalued sources.
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Landbouw in Nieuw Nederland
Authors: Rogier van Kooten & Reinoud VermoesenAbstractAgriculture in New Netherland. Commercial circuits and the function of middlemen in the countryside of seventeenth-century New Amsterdam
This article tackles the commercial circuits in the interior regions of New Netherland, where seventeenth-century colonial settlers exchanged goods and services. Research in the Low Countries has shown that rural regions had their own commercial circuits depending on the nature of the products and services that were traded. In some parts of Flanders large farmers acted as powerful intermediaries in these circuits. However, the situation in the North American colony was very different. The combination of ample availability of land and small population size led to almost three-quarters of rural households owning more than enough land, livestock, and horses to be self-sufficient. Transactions in labor and capital therefore played only a minor role, but exchanging goods with merchants in the urban circuit, by contrast, justified an intermediary role. And while contemporary sources speak of fear about the dominance of merchants in setting prices for agricultural goods, our findings show that rural players may actually have operated relatively autonomously and been able to set prices independently of market volatility.
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De Nederlandse revolutie in dorp en stad
By Joris OddensAbstractThe Dutch revolution in village and town. Local history-writing on the Patriot-Batavian era, 1875 to the present
The Dutch revolution has been a particularly appealing subject for local historians. Since the last quarter of the nineteenth century, historians have produced numerous studies dealing with the Patriot era (c. 1780-87), the Batavian revolution (c. 1795-1801), or the wider revolutionary era, largely from a local perspective. In this contribution I identify key works, overarching themes, and historiographical trends. I have tried also to consider non-professional historical studies, often written in the context of local history societies and published in local history journals, that rarely attract the interest of academic scholarship. As professional historians have established in smaller-scale comparative studies, the revolution meant different things in different localities, but we lack a coherent picture of what the revolutionary map of the Netherlands looked like and why. The non-professional tradition of local history-writing can help to answer these questions.
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Jeugd van het ‘nieuwe Europa’
By Ramses OomenAbstractYouth of the ‘new Europe’. Transnational connections of the National Youth Storm at the European Youth Association
This article sets out to analyze the participation of the National Youth Storm, the largest fascist youth movement in the Netherlands during the Second World War, in the European Youth Association, founded in Vienna in 1942. Following recent research on the transnational dimensions of fascism, I argue that the Dutch youth organization understood itself as part of a cross-border movement in which a common fate was shared with other European youth organizations. At the same time, however, ultra-nationalist ideals were also at its heart. This ostensibly paradoxical situation meant cooperation within a European framework went hand in hand with conflict, especially regarding the equivocal Hitler Youth. Moreover, attempts to maneuver between nationalistic interests, European ideals, and loyalty to Nazi Germany were complicated even more by internal friction between adherents of a Greater Netherlands and a Greater Germanic Reich.
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Meer dan eenden voederen
More LessAbstractMore than feeding the ducks. New literature on Emperor Wilhelm II and The Netherlands
This article reviews a number of recent publications on Kaiser Wilhelm II in the Netherlands in order to reflect on the place of Wilhelm II in this country’s history. With the flight of Wilhelm II to the Netherlands on 10 November 1918 an ‘involuntary relationship’ began, which necessarily reflected the Dutch perception of the Great War but also of Germany itself. Huis Doorn, the residence Wilhelm II used for the greater part of the twenty-three years he spent in the Netherlands, thus turned into an unlikely place of memory, the meaning of which has recently been renegotiated.
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