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- Volume 23, Issue 1, 2018
Nederlandse Taalkunde - Volume 23, Issue 1, 2018
Volume 23, Issue 1, 2018
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Productie en begrip van voorzetsels bij sprekers met agrammatische en vloeiende afasie
Authors: Roelien Bastiaanse & Hans BennisAbstractPrepositions are so-called closed class words and are generally coined as function words. It is not correct, however, to consider prepositions as a homogeneous word class, even though structurally the preposition is always the head of a PP. To, for example, can have different functions: it can have a lexical function, as in the man is walking to the car, a subcategorized function, as in the man is listening to his wife, and a syntactic function, as in the man is giving flowers to his wife. In this paper, we will present the data of a study from the 1980s, completed with more recent spontaneous speech data, to the production and comprehension of prepositions by individuals with a lexical deficit or grammatical deficit due to brain damage. The results indicate that there is empirical evidence for a distinction within the class of prepositions on the basis of their lexical and grammatical characteristics and, hence, that the general statement that all prepositions are function words is not justified. The use of prepositions with a lexical and subcategorized function is compromized in individuals with a lexical impairment, whereas individuals with a grammatical deficit encounter problems with prepositions with a grammatical function.
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Main clause external constituents and the derivation of subject-initial verb second
Authors: Liliane Haegeman & Ciro GrecoAbstractThis paper discusses V3-patterns with a sentence-initial adverbial clause in Standard Dutch (StD) and West-Flemish (WF), which appear to violate the V2 restriction which normally regulates word order in these languages. V3-patterns occur in both languages; they can be interpreted as complying with the V2 constraint provided they are analyzed as the result of merging a regular root clause with V2 order with an extra-sentential adverbial clause. The paper shows that the distribution of V3-patterns is slightly wider in WF than in StD: StD requires that the root clause which combines with the extra-sentential constituent either exhibits subject-verb inversion (XP-V-S) or, in the case of subject initial V2 clauses, that the subject has a distinguished information-structural status such as contrastive focus/topic; WF allows V3-structures more freely, regardless of whether they display subject-verb inversion and regardless of the informational-structural status of the subject. The analysis takes as its point of departure the earlier claim that V2-languages can be symmetric in the sense that the finite verb always leaves the TP domain and occupies the highest head position in the root clause, the complementizer position C in the traditional generative analysis, or asymmetric in the sense that the position of the finite verb varies in that it occupies the C-position when the root clause exhibits subject-verb inversion or a lower TP internal tense position (T) in root clauses without inversion. The hypothesis is that V3-patterns with a sentence-initial adverbial clause are only possible if the initial adverbial clause attains a local relation with the finite verb, and that this requires the finite verb to be in the (higher) C-position. By assuming that StD is an asymmetric V2-language while WF is a symmetric V2-language the variation with respect to the distribution of V3-patterns in these languages can be captured.
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Adverbs in Strange Places
More LessAbstractThis paper discusses four Dutch constructions in which adverbs occur in marked syntactic positions: (i) Adverbs that occur in an embedded clause but must be interpreted in the main clause; (ii) Adverbs that occur in the main clause but can be interpreted in the embedded clause; (iii) Extraposed adverbs; (iv) Predicate adverbs that occur in the position of sentence adverbs. These phenomena provide evidence for an analysis of adverb placement in Dutch along the lines of the Cinque hierarchy (Cinque 1999), supplemented with the traditional split between sentence adverbs and predicate adverbs (Jackendoff 1972). A new analysis is proposed for the bridge verbs denken ‘think’ and willen ‘want’ in which they move from a position in the embedded clause into the matrix clause.
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Goed of fout
Authors: Hans Bennis & Frans Hinskens
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