Waarom hoger opgeleiden zich tegen het politieke systeem keren | Amsterdam University Press Journals Online
2004
Volume 97, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 0025-9454
  • E-ISSN: 1876-2816

Abstract

Abstract

The majority of the voting electorate of Populist Radical Right Parties (PRRPs) generally consists of lower educated citizens. However, Forum for Democracy and JA21 have succeeded in attracting higher educated voters to their electorate. Little scientific research has been performed on the motives of higher educated citizens to vote for these parties, as traditional explanations often focus on the lower educated. The focus of this inquiry will, therefore, be on understanding the deliberations of higher educated citizens and how these have incentivised them to vote for Populist Radical Right Parties. 12 semi-structured interviews were held with higher educated PRRP voters. The results show that cultural factors and political distrust were most relevant in higher educated citizens’ choice to vote for these parties. Especially political distrust seems important, which is shaped by the perceived political knowledge and sophistication of the higher educated. This research shows that the underlying motives of the higher educated to vote for these parties may differ from existing explanations that focus on lower educated voters.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.5117/MEM2022.2.004.SCHO
2022-06-01
2024-04-20
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aalberts, C. (2012). Achter de PVV: Waarom burgers op Geert Wilders stemmen. Eburon Uitgeverij BV.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Aaldering, L. (2017). Political representation and educational attainment: Evidence from the Netherlands (1994–2010). Political Studies, 65(1), pp. 4-23.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Achterberg, P., & Houtman, D. (2006). Why do so many people vote ‘unnaturally’? A cultural explanation for voting behaviour. European Journal of Political Research, 45(1), pp. 75-92.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. AD. (2016, 25mei). Toon je diploma en ik weet wat je stemt. Geraadpleegd op 29December2020, van: https://www.ad.nl/nieuws/toon-je-diploma-en-ik-weet-wat-je-stemt~a6d81895/.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Baudet, T. (2013). Oikofobie (eerste editie). Amsterdam, Nederland: Bert Bakker.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bekkers, V., Fenger, M., & Scholten, P. (2017). Public policy in action: Perspectives on the policy process. Edward Elgar Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. (2020, 11november). Jaarrapport Integratie 2020. Geraadpleegd op 26februari2022, van https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/publicatie/2020/46/jaarrapport-integratie-2020.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Davies, P., & Francis, P. (2018). Doing criminological research (third edition). London: SAGE Publications Limited.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. De Koster, W., & Van der Waal, J. (2007). Cultural value orientations and Christian religiosity: On moral traditionalism, authoritarianism, and their implications for voting behaviour. International Political Science Review, 28(4), pp. 451-467.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. De Volkskrant (2017, 26maart). Rutte III steunt op hoogopgeleide kiezer, laagopgeleiden stemden oppositie. Geraadpleegd op 29December2020, van: https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/rutte-iii-steunt-op-hoogopgeleide-kiezer-laagopgeleiden-stemden-oppositie~b826467a/.
  12. Ezrow, L., & Hellwig, T. (2014). Responding to voters or responding to markets? Political parties and public opinion in an era of globalisation. International Studies Quarterly, 58(4), pp. 816-827.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Forum voor Democratie. (z.d.a). Directe Democratie. https://www.fvd.nl/directe_democratie.
  14. Forum voor Democratie. (z.d.b). Wet Bescherming Nederlandse Waarden. https://www.fvd.nl/wet_bescherming_nederlandse_waarden.
  15. Ganzeboom, H.B., & Arab, Y. (2019). Zijn de verschillen tussen hoger en lager opgeleiden in politieke voorkeuren toegenomen?Samenhang in Europa: eenheid in verscheidenheid, 121.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Harteveld, E., & Ivarsflaten, E. (2018). Why women avoid the Radical Right: Internalized norms and party reputations. British Journal of Political Science, 48(2), pp. 369-384.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hooghe, M., Dassonneville, R., & Marien, S. (2015). The impact of education on the development of political trust: Results from a five-year panel study among late adolescents and young adults in Belgium. Political Studies, 63(1), pp. 123-141.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. JA21. (z.d.a). Integratie en Nederlandse identiteit. https://ja21.nl/nieuws/integratie-en-nederlandse-identiteit/.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. JA21. (z.d.b). Invloed en betrokkenheid. https://ja21.nl/nieuws/invloed-en-betrokkenheid/.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Krouwel, A., & Abts, K. (2007). Varieties of Euroscepticism and populist mobilisation: transforming attitudes from mild Euroscepticism to harsh Eurocynicism. Acta politica, 42(2-3), pp. 252-270.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mudde, C. (2007). Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. NOS. (2019, 21maart). Dit is de Forum-kiezer en zo ziet de rest van de stemmers eruit. Geraadpleegd op 3oktober2020, van: https://nos.nl/artikel/2277050-dit-is-de-forum-kiezer-en-zo-ziet-de-rest-van-de-stemmers-eruit.html.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Oesch, D. (2008). Explaining workers’ support for right-wing populist parties in Western Europe: Evidence from Austria, Belgium, France, Norway, and Switzerland. International Political Science Review, 29(3), pp. 349-373.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Osmond, J. (2008). Unpacking the Progressive Consensus (second edition, Vol. 1). Cardiff: Institute of Welsh Affairs.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Scholte, J.A. (2008). Defining globalisation. World Economy, 31(11), pp. 1471-1502.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Spierings, N. (2017) Eén angst, één volk? De emancipatieparadox van populistisch radicaal-rechts, Res Publica, 59, pp. 507-512.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Spierings, N. (2019, 21april). Forum voor Democratie mobiliseert op verloren aanspraken.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sociale Vraagstukken. https://www.socialevraagstukken.nl/forum-voor-democratie-mobiliseert-op-verloren-aanspraken/.
  29. Steiner, N.D. (2016). Economic globalisation, the perceived room to manoeuvre of national governments, and electoral participation: Evidence from the 2001 British General Election. Electoral Studies, 41(1), pp. 118-128.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Trouw (2018, 23maart). De verkiezingsuitslag legt de kloven bloot tussen hoogopgeleide gemeenten en de rest. Geraadpleegd op 29December2020, van: https://www.trouw.nl/nieuws/de-verkiezingsuitslag-legt-de-kloven-bloot-tussen-hoogopgeleide-gemeenten-en-de-rest~b5bd6ebf/.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Van der Brug, W. (2003). How the LPF fuelled discontent: Empirical tests of explanations of LPF-support. Acta Politica, 38(1), pp. 89-106.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Van der Brug, W., & Van Spanje, J. (2009). Immigration, Europe and the ‘new’ cultural dimension. European Journal of Political Research, 48(3), pp. 309-334.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Van der Meer, T., Van Deth, J.W., & Scheepers, P.L. (2009). The Politicised Participant: Ideology and Political Action in 20 Democracies. Comparative Political Studies, 42(11), pp. 1426-1457.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Van der Waal, J., & De Koster, W. (2015). Why do the less educated oppose trade openness? A test of three explanations in the Netherlands. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 2(3-4), pp. 313-344.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Van der Waal, J., & De Koster, W. (2017). Populism and Support for Protectionism: The Relevance of Opposition to Trade Openness for Leftist and Rightist Populist Voting in The Netherlands. Political studies, pp. 1-17.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Vossen, K. (2011). Classifying wilders: The Ideological development of Geert Wilders and his party for freedom. Politics, 31(3), pp. 179-189.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Walter, S. (2010). Globalisation and the welfare state: Testing the micro-foundations of the compensation hypothesis. International Studies Quarterly, 54(2), pp. 403-426.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Wes, M. (1996). Globalisation: winners and losers (Vol. 3). Institute for Public Policy Research.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.5117/MEM2022.2.004.SCHO
Loading
/content/journals/10.5117/MEM2022.2.004.SCHO
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error