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- Volume 140, Issue 3/4, 2024
Tijdschrift voor Nederlandse Taal- en Letterkunde - Volume 140, Issue 3/4, 2024
Volume 140, Issue 3/4, 2024
- Artikel
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Wie spreekt – over wie?
More LessAbstractIn the field of poetry, Literary Disability Studies remains surprisingly silent. Furthermore, disability studies in general has paid surprisingly little attention to intellectual or cognitive impairments. To fill these gaps, this article concentrates on Dutch poetry about and by people with intellectual disabilities. Closereading three case studies from the past century, this reading demonstrates how poetry reflects the evolving perspective on what we now refer to as neurodivergence. From the medical or pathological view, via the socio-constructivist view, and finally to a new paradigmatic position in which lived experiences of disability take the stage. However, poetry is not a transparent reflection of historical discourse; in its use of metaphor, irony, and apostrophe, it resists simplistic interpretation. In its own polyphonic and polyvalent way, poetry actively participates in the ongoing dialogue about the role of disability in discourses on normality, equality, and power.
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Heffingsvers in Nederpop
More LessAbstractIt is generally assumed that accentual verse (heffingsvers), a medieval technique in which each line has a fixed number of stressed syllables and a varying number of weak or unstressed syllables, stopped existing in the Dutch language around the year 1700. This article shows that this is not true: accentual verse exists in modern Dutch-language pop songs (Nederpop). Auditory scanning of the forty most successful Dutch-language songs in the history of the Top 40 (1965-2023) shows that 43% of that corpus contains accentual verse. Chronologically throughout the years, the number of songs containing accentual verse increases, while classical meter decreases. In addition, full-rhyming end rhyme decreases, while assonant half-rhyme as end rhyme increases. Just as in the Middle Ages, verses with four stresses occur most frequently in this corpus. Researching accentual verse can teach us about literary-historical lines and the performativity of historical literary texts.
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De plooibaarheid van het zelf
More LessAbstractThis article traces the multilingual dimension of ‘Dutch’ poetry. Drawing on insights from the emerging field of Literary Multilingualism, it interrogates the various ways in which multilingualism is used in Dutch poetry from the early twenty-first century. Relating examples taken from five poetry collections of the early twenty-first century to ‘older’ examples of multilingual poetry, it argues that, to some extent, ‘Dutch’ poetry has always had a multilingual dimension. However, earlier examples of multilingual Dutch poetry tend to emerge from the experience of a shared and multilingual urban space, whereas contemporary examples of multilingual Dutch poetry tend to be grounded in the individual background of the respective poet. Despite this shift from collective to highly individualised forms of multilingualism, contemporary ‘Dutch’ poetry nonetheless conveys a longing for community. By conceptualising multilingualism as an expression of this longing, this article also highlights the ways in which multilingualism can be used as a flexible searchlight instead of, as has hitherto often been the case, a static quality that can be ascribed to a literary text.
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‘De schrijfmachine mijmert gekkepraat’
By Siebe BluijsAbstractIt is striking how often poetry is referenced in media reports about large language models (LLMs) and in the marketing language of technology companies like OpenAI (‘it can even write poetry!’). These references have a clear rhetorical effect: they contribute to the anthropomorphization of these technologies. This article takes a close look at the poetic production of LLMs (such as ChatGPT), showing that AI poetry relies on a romantic poetics that places expression and subjectivity at its core. I contrast the romantic conception of LLM poetry with experimental and avant-garde poetry of the twentieth century, in which procedures and machines were used to counteract notions of expression. I investigate the similarities and differences between twentieth-century computer poetry and the poetry of LLMs, and argue that it is important to read contemporary computer poetry in relation to the nature and function of digital media in our postdigital era.
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Spel, poëzie, en feministische politiek in postdigitale tijden
By Bram IevenAbstractIn recent years, several Dutch poets published poetry collections that actively engage with online culture and politics, and with online feminist culture in particular. Undertaking an in depth reading of two poetry collections that are exemplary of this trend, Het is warm in de hivemind by Maxime Garcia Diaz and De maan schijnt feller in de metaverse by Merel van Slobbe, this article argues that play and playfulness are essential in how these poets engage with online culture. Through play, these poets recuperate and transform beyond recognition intertextual references, moods and sentiments that were initially developed in online feminist culture. Whereas Garcia Diaz pursues a strategy of ‘illegibility’ that ascertains that this poetry cannot be imprisoned within the logic of contemporary platform capitalism, Van Slobbe pursues a more daring strategy of ‘radical openness’ that leaves open the possibility that her work will be recuperated by online culture.
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Queer echo’s
Authors: Bram Lambrecht & Reinhart CeulemansAbstractThis paper analyses the presence of Sappho in Elly de Waard’s poetry (and especially her collection Furie (1981)) from a perspective informed by queer theory, translation studies, and theories of intertextuality. We aim to demonstrate how De Waard’s dialogue with Sappho challenges – ‘queers’ – binary oppositions between translation and intertextuality or source and target text while disrupting hegemonic, hetero-patriarchal conceptions of gender and sexuality. Whereas earlier readings have interpreted De Waard’s work as representing and celebrating lesbian love, we propose to read her poetry as fundamentally queer in its evasion of strict (gender) categories and its blurring of conceptual binaries. Our focus on Sappho in De Waard’s poetry is also situated in the broader reception of Sappho in the modern Low Countries.
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‘daar in het laagland van peppels en petrochemie’
More LessAbstractThe aim of this article is twofold. It tries to assess if and to which extent Dutch language poetry engaged with the Great Acceleration during 1958-1975, an era of substantial growth and transformation of the rural and urban environment. In order to make this assessment, this article presents and evaluates a topical reading methodology, combining a quantitative analysis of 100 poetry volumes by 100 different poets and a qualitative reading of a selection of poems from these volumes. Contrary to what has been suggested earlier, Dutch language poets wrote extensively about the indicators of the Great Acceleration. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis proves fruitful for this type of research.
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